Money Blue Book

After two decades at the same coverage limit, the U.S. government has finally stopped dragging its knuckles and raised the FDIC insured limit for bank deposits from the previous FDIC limit of $100,000 – up  to the new limit of $250,000 per depositor, per insured bank. For your average bank customer, this means that he or she will now receive full FDIC insurance coverage up to $250,000 for the total sum of their single accounts (checking, savings, and CD deposits) at each banking institution. Other account category types like joint accounts and trust accounts will also each enjoy separate increased $250,000 limits at each bank. However, retirement accounts held by banks as FDIC insured deposits will remain at the previous $250,000 limit.

For those who don’t know, the FDIC stands for the U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, a federally run government organization that protects bank customers from the loss of their deposits in the event of a catastrophic FDIC-insured bank failure. The protection afforded by FDIC insurance is near iron-clad as it is backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government. There is no need for bank depositors to apply for FDIC insurance or even to request it as coverage is automatic. Below are the new and current FDIC insurance coverage limits for deposits at FDIC insured member banks. The new FDIC limits are effective starting October 3, 2008 and tentatively scheduled to expire on December 31, 2009. While the FDIC does not directly cover deposits held in credit union institutions, in response to the new FDIC limits, the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund, or NCUSIF, has raised credit union insurance limits up to $250,000 through Dec. 31, 2009 as well.

Although the newly enacted FDIC insurance limits are slated to end at the end of 2009, I predict that Congress will more likely than not make the new coverage limits permanent after that time. Frankly, in light of the current financial crisis and deteriorating consumer confidence sentiment regarding the safety and security of our nation’s banks and credit unions, there is no reason the U.S. government should not allow the new FDIC limits to stay permanent.

The New Increase In FDIC Insurance Coverage For All FDIC Insured Deposits Will Help Improve Consumer Confidence In The Banking System

With the passage of the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, the U.S. Congress has agreed to increase the previous FDIC insured limit of $100,000 by 150% to $250,000 through the end of next year until the last day of 2009. For those who argue that the new boost in FDIC insurance coverage is unnecessary and too high, keep in mind that after factoring in the effects of inflation since it was last increased in 1980, the current FDIC insured increase is perfectly in line with inflationary reality. Besides, desperate financial times require desperate measures. The U.S. and world economies are faltering and the major banking institutions are struggling to stay afloat during this terrible credit crisis. While the FDIC insured limit increase probably won’t have a direct effect on the credit crunch (I hate this phrase but everyone uses it) as the main problem in the banking sector is that banks are refusing to lend to each other rather than suffering from a direct shortage of bank deposits, having a higher limit will probably go a long way in instilling consumer confidence in the U.S. banking system again. In the long run, this should have a positive and stabilizing ripple effect on the economy at large.

Personally, I’ve been rather active lately in my banking transactions, opening new high yield savings accounts with the top online banks and shifting money around to make sure every single cent of my cash deposits are fully protected under the FDIC limits. As many concerned consumers have been doing, I have been seeking the shelter and safety of bank deposits during this time of financial and economic turmoil. As a small business owner I tend to carry around significant amounts of cash for payroll, accounting, and business investment purposes – much more than the usual consumer account holder. To ensure full FDIC protection for my bank deposits in excess of $100,000, I’ve been spreading cash around among multiple banks to increase my FDIC coverage limits by setting up separate single and joint accounts to take advantage of the separate FDIC coverage for each account category.

The new FDIC limit increase will allow consumers to keep more of their money at the same banking institution without having to scramble around desperately looking for other FDIC insured banking options to spread their funds around. While bank failures remain extremely rare, with the recent collapse of major banking institutions like IndyMac and Washington Mutual, the occurrence and possibility of such a reality has become all too real. The recent decision by the U.S. Congress to raise the FDIC limit on an emergency basis was long overdue and necessary to calm the public’s worry and reduce the number of irrational actions taken by those fearful of losing their money or investments. Ultimately the decision will help put a stop to the massive waves of bank withdraws due to panicky customers pulling their money out of banks in response to irrational concerns. The new FDIC insured limit will help prevent such desperate monetary runs on the banks and allow the banking system to continue operating as normal.

However, The New FDIC Coverage Increase Will Not Result In Higher Interest Yields Or Financially Affect The Vast Majority Of Banking Customers

While the new FDIC limit increase should help boost consumer confidence in banks and credit unions, and help stem some of the panic and fear in the marketplace, most consumers are unlikely to experience much of a difference. It’s mostly the wealthier individuals or small businesses who carry around significant amounts of cash in their checking or savings accounts that are likely to directly appreciate the new FDIC insurance cap. The great majority of average everyday banking customers do not have more than $100,000 in a single bank account anyway.

Furthermore, those who are hoping to see higher interest rates or yields on their high interest savings accounts or certificate of deposits (CD’s) will be sorely disappointed. There is a very real likelihood that as the perceived confidence in our banks goes up, the interest rate expectations may go down. Because the FDIC is financed through premiums paid by FDIC member banks, participating banks are obligated to pay periodic premiums for FDIC insurance coverage. As such, there is a high inevitable possibility that they may eventually have to pay more in the way of FDIC premiums for the new higher insurance coverage limits. With higher FDIC premiums to contend with, banks may ultimately pass on the cost to consumers by offering lower interest rates for their deposits.

In a move that probably will benefit smaller local and community banks more than the mega “too big to fail” banking giants like Citibank, Bank of America, or JP Morgan Chase, the new financial bailout plan also provides for unlimited FDIC insurance coverage for certain accounts. Banking customers of FDIC insured banks will receive unlimited insurance for money deposited into non-interest bearing accounts, a protection that primarily benefits small and mid size businesses that have bank deposits exceeding the new insured maximum of $250,000. This temporary, but extendable unlimited protection was enacted to stabilize business risk, and prevent the type of loss faced by many businesses when a bank or thrift savings institution failed. Under this temporary unlimited FDIC insurance plan for non interest bearing bank accounts, a typical small business will be able to keep $250,000 worth of interest bearing funds in a regular checking, savings, or CD account, and put the remainder in zero interest accounts for unlimited FDIC insurance coverage. Under the bailout plan, for the first 30 days of the program, all FDIC insured banks will enjoy this unlimited FDIC protection for their non-interest bearing bank deposits. After that, member banks must opt-out of the program if they no longer wish to offer this unlimited protection.

Updated List Of The Best High Yield Online Savings Banks Below!

With the current flight to quality amidst the widespread economic meltdown, American consumers concerned about the safety of their money and investments are increasing turning to trusted online banks and high yield savings accounts for the FDIC insurance protection they afford. For those of you looking for the best online banks in terms of those that offer the highest interest rates for checking and savings accounts, you’ve come to the right place. The following compilation below is a short list and summarized review of what I believe to be the current top five online banks among the many banking choices in the market today. While most of the high interest banks found online offer similar banking features like direct deposit, online bill pay, automatic savings, and the ability to apply for new high yield savings accounts online, they are not all the same. Certain online banks clearly stand out from the pack in terms of proven high marks and rankings in reputation and customer support. Below, I’ve listed what I believe to be the top 5 online savings and checking banks. As an active high interest bank interest rate chaser, I intend to regularly update the list and my reviews to reflect major interest rate changes and shifts in reader preference.

As a reflection of the much lower overhead expenses that they enjoy, online savings banks tend to offer much better annual percentage yields (APY) for savings accounts, money market accounts, and CD’s than more familiar big banking names like Citibank, Bank of America, JP Morgan Chase, Wachovia, Wells Fargo, and Sun Trust. Even the ones that operate separate online banking divisions apart from their brick and mortar branches almost always reserve their best CD rates and best interest rate promotions for their banking websites. With the growing popularity of online banking and electronic transfer conveniences, high interest online banks like FNBO Direct, WT Direct, E-Trade, HSBC Direct, ING Direct, Countrywide, and Capital One Direct have rapidly surged in popularity. Online banks have certainly come a long way and with the much higher interest yields that they offer, many of the top online savings banks now rival the account management features and reputations of the larger commercial brick and mortar giants.

The following is a short list of the top 5 online banks that I believe provide the best mix of important banking support services and high yield savings rates. Not only do they all provide full FDIC insurance coverage limits for account deposits, all of them have been around and doing business for many years. While some of the online banks may have names that are unfamiliar to some people, you can rest assured that the ranked recommendations on my list have been personally tested and thoroughly reviewed. Without further ado, here is my quick and easy list of the best online banks followed by short reviews.

Reviews Of The Best Overall High Yield Savings Bank Offers In Terms Of Account Features and Interest Rate

1) EverBank – 3.01% APY -  EverBank Review – Highly Recommended!

In terms of high yield money market interest rate offers, EverBank Savings offers one of the highest, if not the highest interest rate deals available. Despite whatever rates have been promoted by other high savings banks, EverBank always seems to be one percentage ahead of the competition in terms of its introductory APY interest rate, which lasts for 3 months with another competitively high rate thereafter. This popular online savings bank has always held particular appeal to those seeking a safe and secure way to earn high interest income. Since its inception, EverBank has won numerous banking award accolades including high praise from CNN Money Magazine as one of its Top 3 Best Of Breed Online Banks. The other two best of breed ranked banks included E-Trade Bank and HSBC Direct. Along with its high interest money market account, EverBank also currently offers a very attractive high interest FreeNet checking account option as well (an attractive interest rate rarity when it comes to checking accounts). The company also offers extra savings options such as special foreign currency denominated deposit accounts for those looking to hedge against currency risk and to get more fancy with their online banking.

2) E-Trade Savings – 0.95% APY – Etrade Bank Review

For some people out there, E-Trade’s appearance on this list of the best online banks may come as a pleasant surprise. Better known for its online discount broker program, E-Trade also runs a traditional banking component as well, featuring high interest savings and checking accounts. For those who want true flexibility and transferability when it comes to moving their money between their E-Trade brokerage account and their online savings, E-Trade’s Complete Saving Account is a recommended choice. Frequently in other cases, the problem with splitting your online savings and your brokerage accounts among different companies is the multi-day lag time required for ACH transfers. With E-Trade, there is no such problem as internal electronic transfers between your E-Trade banking and trading accounts are nearly instantaneous.

3) FNBO Direct – 1.50% APY – FNBO Direct Review

The FNBO Direct high interest savings account is one of my personal favorite choices among the high interest bank offers available. As the online savings arm of the First National Bank of Omaha, FNBO Direct interest rates have always been one of the highest out there. With full FDIC insurance limit coverage for account deposits, and with a very long and reputable history in the banking business, FNBO Direct is one of the safest choices among the top online banks. Currently, FNBO Direct customers enjoy no monthly maintenance fees and no minimum account requirements to enjoy the highest APY rate on their savings account deposits. For the convenience of FNBO account holders, there is even an ATM card option for those who want live, in-person access to their money.

4) HSBC Direct – 1.55% APY – HSBC Direct Review

With a wide international and national banking presence, HSBC Direct is one of the safest online banking choices out there. Not only do they have a growing network of banking branches all over the world, they’ve also been acknowledged and ranked by various reputable personal finance websites like Kiplingers as one of the best cyberbanks out there. HSBC Direct is widely touted for its great customer service, ATM debit card availability, online bill payment feature, and low minimum balance requirement to get the top APY interest rate – just $1.

5) Dollar Savings Direct – 2.00% APY – Dollar Savings Direct Review

Dollar Savings Direct is a newly acquired online banking division of Emigrant Bank, the same people who brought you the Emigrant Direct American Dream Savings Account. As the Internet banking component of Emigrant, Dollar Savings Direct is becoming a popular high interest savings account option for competitive interest rate chasers and those looking for the safety of FDIC insurance coverage. The new Dollar Savings Account is easy to open and offers deposit customers a high yield savings choice with no monthly fees or account maintenance minimums. However, to open a new  account, you’ll need an initial minimum deposit of $1,000, however thereafter, there is no obligation to maintain that amount. Any balance below $1,000 will only accrue interest at a rate of 1% APY.

6) ING Direct – 1.40% APY – ING Direct Review

If you read personal finance blogs or financial articles frequently, one thing that seems to be universally agreed upon is that ING Direct is a great online savings bank. ING Direct is well known and appreciated for its online simplicity and streamlined website interface that makes it easy for both advanced users and novice online banking customers to use. The company’s very popular Orange Savings Account is not only remarkably quick and painless to open, the high yield savings account also imposes no monthly fees or account balance minimums. ING Direct also makes it extremely easy for customers to create multiple sub-accounts to help them plan and manage savings goals and objectives in an efficient, paperless way. Another great bonus feature is that the bank is one of the few major online banks to offer customers the ability to earn free ING Direct referral money for sign ups.

7) WT Direct – 1.76% APY – WT Direct Review

Offering some of the highest APY interest rates for their top rated high yield savings accounts, it’s no wonder WT Direct is a popular option for those looking to get the highest interest rates for their life savings. While there is no requirement to have a linked checking account, and there are no monthly account fees or account balance minimums, a WT Direct savings account deposit balance of $10,000 or more is needed to get the highest top tier rate. This online bank option from Wilmington Trust Savings Bank is a highly recommended option for those with substantial assets. Currently, banking customers get to enjoy unlimited linked external accounts between WT Direct and their other financial institutions or online brokerages. This benefit affords WT Direct customers greater ACH transfer ease and account management convenience. As with all major online banks, WT Direct customers are fully FDIC insured from bank failure or loss within the insurance coverage limits.

In summation, I encourage readers to discuss their views and opinions about my short list of the top online banks that offer the best high yield savings accounts for deposits. Got a gripe or disagreement with my opinion or views? Feel free to vent. If you concur with my selections, I welcome your comments of agreement as well. If you have any further recommendations for those of us looking for the safest places to save or invest money, please feel free to share.

Whether we want to acknowledge the grim reality or not, the vast majority of the American public is undergoing a mental crisis at the moment during this difficult period of economic recession and housing depression. Indeed, this economic slowdown is causing many Americans to struggle financially, and the series of collapses of major commercial banks and investment brokers have led to a domino effect of pink slip closures and layoffs. With the bailout of major global insurance conglomerate AIG and the takeover of mortgage loan giants Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac by the spend-happy federal government using taxpayer money, significant numbers of shareholders and stakeholders have been financially wiped out in the process. Collapsing under the weight of bad mortgage debts and the loss of value in their subprime mortgage loans, major mortgage lenders like Countrywide and investment brokerage banks like Merrill Lynch and Lehman Brothers have had to engage in significant write offs and ultimately put themselves up for sale at bargain basement discounts.

With the FDIC shutdown of major thrifts and banks like IndyMac and Washington Mutual, as well as the shakeup at Wachovia, even historically secure commercial banks are starting to feel the credit crunch squeeze. With the recent bank safety scares hitting Wall Street and now Main Street, bank deposit customers have been sent reeling and scrambling to check FDIC insurance coverage limits – calling their banks to arrange their affairs for sufficient coverage. When FDIC insured bank consumers are feeling uncertain and fearful, you know the confidence of the American people in their banking and credit systems have been significantly shaken. Many people have been left unable to sleep soundly at night, as lingering concerns of bank safety and security have paralyzed the American economy and investment psyche. So what’s a savvy investor and account depositor to do in this brave new world of financial bailouts and bank closures?

To Survive The Credit Crunch, Financial Crisis, and Housing Market Collapse – Seek Out Security, Stay Optimistic, and Look For Opportunities

Without a doubt, the financial, stock, and housing markets remain volatile as the subprime mess has paralyzed lenders, halting the once liquid credit markets. However, whatever you do, it’s best to avoid the “irrational exuberance” (quoting former Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan’s catch phrase) and stay clear of the overly extreme sentiments of certain doom and gloom naysayers. Remember, the economy will survive and the financial system will be repaired in due time – have a little faith.

Take our current energy crisis and oil supply depletion situation for example. Yes, it’s true the world’s supply of crude oil is steadily dwindling and gas prices have skyrocketed recently – however this doesn’t mean the world is going to come to a screaming halt as supply of our beloved dinosaur juice runs low. Even now, the American and world governments are actively advocating and promoting the advancement of new alternative fuels and alternative power sources such as nuclear, clean coal technology, solar, wind, and all types of clean, green energy. Society is infinitely resilient in the long haul and will adapt to changing times and life will go on as usual. Whatever you do, don’t resort to taking up ridiculous survivalist activities such as building a bunker, withdrawing all of your money from banks, giving up credit card usage, or stocking up on food, guns, toilet paper, and supplies to ride out some silly apocalyptic fantasy future that you irrationally conjure up. Unless you are already doing so, there is no need to start making plans to live off the land, move onto homesteads, and start milking your own cows because you anticipate the need to defend your community from the hordes of starving crowds who did not prepare for the supposed eventuality. The world as we know it will not disappear, so discard those wacky conspiracy theories and economic Armageddon notions immediately. Don’t be a nut. Instead, starting planning for a brighter financial future today for yourself and your family by making smart banking and wealth investment decisions for the long haul. When this economic malaise blows over in a few years or even in a decade, your smart financial steps today will reap dividends in spades. It’s during tough economic times that counter-intuitive minded investors profit in the long run, and it’s how future millionaires get made.

Despite the current market sentiment, I strongly advocate long term investors to not overlook continued portfolio diversification opportunities in the stock market through mutual funds and indexes, and to not neglect true long term bargains in real estate and housing. The age old truism and expression in the world of investing is true – that the greater the risk, the greater the return. This mantra is also strongly tempered by another financial axiom of billionaire investor Warren Buffet and his views on the interplay between investment fear and greed – that the smart investor should seek to be fearful when others are greedy and greedy when others are fearful. It’s how savvy long term investors ultimately pay off in their steadfast investment decisions today. In fact, Warren Buffet, who has successfully made billions of dollars by taking advantage of opportunities during the worst of times, has been actively practicing what he preaches, buying up significant value minded investment positions in severely beat down companies like Wall Street investment giant Goldman Sachs for $5 billion and forking over $3 billion for positions in mega technology services provider General Electric. Of course, during these turbulent economic times and periods of extreme stock market volatility, it’s best not to be overly emotional or make hasty decisions based on short term swings. The world is filled with chicken littles and emotional lemmings so it’s all too easy too succumb to hysteria and Street panic. But those who want to survive this economic downturn and emerge from the recession and credit crisis in stronger financial positions than before must maintain their wits and stay focused for the long term, spreading their financial wealth around through diversified investments and continuing to seek out potential opportunities.

But there is a caveat for this long term sentiment. While I personally have 2-3 decades to go before I need to hatch my retirement nest egg, with plenty of time to build up long term investment positions, as well as continuous steady income coming in to continue dollar cost average investing and taking advantage of interest compounding, not everyone is in a similar position. For many millions of people, the money they have at this present time is all the significant amount of money they will ever have and at their age and current stage in life, they simply can’t afford to risk further loss. These types of individuals are focused on asset preservation rather than opportunistic investing and thus for these investors, they need investment security and deposit safety today. For some, it’s also the need to preserve their cash from loss due to the fact they are close to retirement, or saving up for a specific upcoming expense such as a down payment for a new home. Or perhaps they need to maintain a stash of cash to give them confidence and financial safety net courage to continue investing for the long term, while weathering financial emergencies.

For the asset preservation types who want to ensure their current deposits and investments are shielded from bank failures and investment loss, safety is the paramount concern when it comes to selecting the securest place to put their money. But for the conservative types, they also desire a certain degree of liquidity and convenient access to their money. But with the diminished risk of loss at safer places like bank savings and money market accounts comes substantially lower rates of return. Such deposit and investment sources as the ones listed below will offer you more security for your money, but they will not earn you a lot of interest, and oftentimes will just barely keep up with inflation. Keep that in mind as you evaluate your options and perform your due diligence. Furthermore, while being cautious and putting your money into safe and secure investments will preserve you from drops in the stock and financial markets, you run the very real risk of missing out on major market rebounds and valuable long term opportunities.

For those determined to ride out the volatile economic storm by seeking safety, the following options are the best choices when it comes to answering this question – “what is the safest investment for my money to avoid the risk of loss?”

List Of The Safest and Most Secure Places To Save and Invest Your Money During A Recession Or Economic Crisis:

1) Bank Savings and Checking Accounts – Of all the ideal places to store your money during the worst of times, other than in U.S. Treasuries, the best place is in a traditional bank account. While the rate of interest return on bank account deposits will never beat the long term rate of return on a properly diversified stock portfolio, depositing your cash in something like a high yield savings account is the easiest and most practical solution for those worried about the safety and security of their money. For those searching for the best high yield savings accounts offering the highest annual percentage yield (APY) interest rates, here are the best online savings banks out there (all of the following recommended high interest banks are fully FDIC insured, and all account deposits are protected under the FDIC insurance coverage limits):

1. FNBO Direct – 3.50% APY
2. WT Direct – 3.31% APY
   
3. E-Trade Savings – 3.30% APY
4. HSBC Direct – 3.25% APY
   
5. ING Direct – 3.00% APY

In terms of safety, reliability, and liquidity, putting your money in a bank account is the easiest and most straight forward savings option. Not only is your bank deposit earning interest, it’s FDIC insured and easily accessible. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) is a federal government run enterprise that provides insurance coverage and protection for the deposit accounts of participating member banks, guaranteeing their insured accounts from unexpected loss. While FDIC insurance coverage limits vary depending on the number and type of account ownership categories you have at each bank, the rule of thumb to remember is that for each individual, the FDIC protects up to $100,000 in deposits at each banking institution for each ownership category. This means that at each FDIC member banking institution such as Citibank or Bank of America for example, each individual may be insured up to $100,000 for a single account and get additional coverage – like a separate $100,000 coverage limit for a joint account with his or her spouse. Furthermore, for retirement accounts like IRA’s, Roth’s, SEP’s, and Keogh’s held in a member bank in the form of a bank deposit (as opposed to something like a mutual fund), there is also an extra but separate $250,000 FDIC insurance coverage limit.

While skeptical investors and chicken little depositors might cite the recent failures of major commercial banks and thrifts like IndyMac and Washington Mutual as reasons to be wary of the safety of commercial banks, the reality is that in all of the recent bank failure scenarios, all of the FDIC insured deposit accounts that fell within the coverage limits were fully protected from loss. Even amidst the current mortgage crisis and credit crunch, the great majority of commercial banks are considered well capitalized. The possibility of a bank failure and the probability of a sudden FDIC takeover is extremely remote. However, even in the event that a bank does happen to fail, consumers would continue to enjoy uninterrupted and easy access to their FDIC insured bank money.

It is also interesting to note that since the FDIC was established three quarters of a century ago after the Great Depression, no banking customer has ever lost a single penny of their FDIC insured deposit at any failed bank. Your commercial bank may go out of business or suddenly be unable to continue operating as a viable banking institution, but Uncle Sam, bolstered by the virtually unlimited financial resources of the federal government will back up your money in full, up to the guaranteed FDIC insurance coverage limit. Even in the event that allotted FDIC funds become tapped out, the federal government can always authorize itself and the U.S. Mint to print emergency money. It is almost inconceivable to me to even fathom the possibility of the FDIC failing or the FDIC funds to somehow go bankrupt. Such a dire failure would probably require that the United States federal government suddenly cease to exist or be in such horrible shape that losing your checking or savings account deposit would probably be the least of your concerns. At that point of Armageddon, you’d probably be better off investing your remaining money in guns, canned food, and a nuclear fallout bunker. There is a reason why the whole world turns to the U.S. for economic, political, and militarial stability and guidance – we have the most powerful, tried and true system in the world. It’s not perfect, but it’s extremely resilient and will ultimately overcome struggles in the long run.

2) Laddered Bank CD’s – While putting your money in a high interest savings account is your best bet in terms of account safety and liquidity, those who seek a slightly higher APY rate of return may want to consider dabbling in bank certificate of deposits (CD’s). CD’s can be found and purchased through commercial banks and certain deposit brokers (view my list of the best online brokers), and along with regular bank deposits, are both considered very safe investments. Like checking and savings accounts, certificate of deposits are also insured up to $100,000. However, do keep in mind that for each individual customer at each banking institution, checkings, savings, and CD’s are lumped into a single FDIC insurance category for coverage purposes.

While CD’s tend to offer fixed interest rates that exceed that offered by checking and savings accounts, the catch is that unlike the variable interest earning bank deposits, your CD deposit is locked into a fixed interest rate at the time of investment. When purchased, the CD account has a set maturity date such that if withdrawn too early, the CD funds will incur an expensive penalty. When you buy a CD via your bank, you invest a fixed sum of money for a fixed period of time €“ anywhere from six months, one year, five years, or longer. In exchange for your agreement to keep the money invested and locked for the pre-arranged period of time, the issuing bank pays you a high interest rate, typically at regular intervals throughout the year. When you cash in or redeem your CD, you receive the money you originally invested plus any accumulated interest. But if you withdraw prematurely, an early withdrawal penalty may cause you to forfeit a chunk of your original investment.

While CD’s enjoy higher interest rates than traditional savings accounts, the potential hassle with CD’s is that once locked in, their rates of return have a potential to lag behind and become surpassed by variable high yield savings accounts if those interest rates rise. The best way to get around this problem is to ladder your CD investments by purchasing CD’s with staggered maturity dates. For example, for those buying CD’s for a period of just a year, one could purchase multiple CD’s, maturing at dates of 1 month, 3 months, 5 months, 7 months, and so forth, thus ensuring that you will always have money coming in and cash on hand at set intervals. CD ladders are a good idea for those wary about locking up their money for long periods of time, but you have to choose the lengths and maturity dates you’re comfortable with, otherwise you’ll toss and turn at night and stress about your lack of liquidity in case of a financial emergency.

3) U.S. Treasury Bills and Bonds – U.S. Treasury Bills, or T-Bills as they are often called, are extremely secure debt instruments issued by the U.S. federal government. They are mostly notably used by large institutional investors and individuals with substantial assets during times of economic crisis and societal instability when there is an instinctual flight to quality. However, I tend to stay away from these bond instruments and rarely invest in them. Their fixed rates of return are terrible and simply too low for my liking. While they offer rock solid protection backed by the full faith and credit of the federal government, the interest rate yields for U.S. Treasuries are often low and based on auction driven demand. Because Treasury rates of return are based on bidding demand that’s heavily influenced by societal factors, during times of economic crisis or political instability, rates of return on U.S. Treasury Bills and Bonds can plummet. During major economic depressions and recessions, U.S. Treasury yields can sometimes even go negative, that is, investors are willing to accept a small destruction of their investment to guarantee no larger destruction.

While U.S. Treasuries generally provide almost laughingly low rates of return on investment, they provide near iron clad safety and protection for your money. Treasury Bills are essentially “IOU” debt instruments issued by the United States federal government to any consumer, business, or institutional investor willing to buy them, and they are used to pay off the U.S. government’s own maturing debt paper and to pay off its own bills. By issuing short term U.S. Treasury Bills, mid term Treasury Bonds, and long term Treasury Notes to consumers, buyers essentially lend the government money in exchange for a fixed rate of return and a solid promise by the U.S. government that the debt investment will be repaid back in full upon maturity due date. Along with FDIC protected banking assets, the world also regards U.S. Treasuries as credit risk proof – the perfect place to store money for the extremely risk adverse.

U.S. Treasuries range in maturation from a few weeks for the short term T-Bills to as long as 30 years for the Treasury Notes. Of course, the longer the maturation date, the higher the fixed interest rate the U.S. debt instrument pays out, same as the case with ordinary bank CD’s. Same as with CD’s, for those who want to inject greater liquidity into their Treasury investments, they may want to consider laddering their Treasuries as well, by purchasing multiple U.S. Treasuries simultaneously offering different maturity dates. The recommended way is to purchase multiple Treasury bills and notes that will expire at regular set intervals and have them automatically rolled over into newly issued Treasuries for continuous interest earning effect, but still maintain a semblance of liquidity.

The simplest way to purchase U.S. Treasuries is to go through the federal government’s Treasury Direct website. There you can follow the instructions to open a new account for individual investors by providing your personal and financial information such as name, mailing address, Social Security Number, bank deposit account, and bank routing number. You can purchase as little as $100 worth of U.S. Treasury “IOU’s” (the current minimum investment) or you can purchase millions of dollars worth. While there is a competitive bidding process of yield prices, most ordinary non-expert individual investors can opt for the non competitive process and simply agree to the current spot offering rate. As such, the service is probably more beneficial to extremely wealthy investors unable to find full protection under the FDIC limits and needing to preserve their millions of dollars in extremely safe lock box type of accounts. There is currently no limit to the amount of U.S. Treasuries that may be purchased and interest income derived are exempt from state and local taxes.

4) Money Market Funds – Money market funds are conservative mutual funds that invest in short term, stable debt instruments, high quality securities, and other forms of top rated short term commercial paper that can be easily sold, making the likelihood of any loss of principal extremely rare. Unlike traditional mutual funds and index funds, asset preservation minded money market mutual funds do not invest in stocks, which while lends itself to greater stability, also results in a much lower rate of return compared to their growth oriented counterparts. While most mutual funds, particularly those that invest in riskier stocks and investments are not all that safe and secure from investment loss as they ebb and flow with the economic cycle and the plight of underlying corporations, money market mutual funds tend to substantially more stable.

However, while money market mutual funds have been traditionally regarded as solid and reliable investments, they are not without a tinge of risk, depending on the composition of the money market fund’s portfolio. While the great majority of these funds have never lost money or failed, recent money market fund events in the news have sent a chill through the financial world. Recently, the Reserve Primary Fund, a giant money market mutual fund, announced its investors would lose money. Instead of each money market fund share being worth the customary $1, each would now be worth 97 cents, essentially “breaking the buck” in the process, forcing investors to eat a 3% loss. The loss was triggered by the fund’s purchase of debt securities issued by Lehman Brothers with a face value of $785 million that ultimately became worthless, as Lehman Brothers ultimately spiraled into bankruptcy and ended up on the chopping block for sale due to failed investments in subprime mortgages.

The moral of the story in terms of flight to quality is to seek out high yield bank accounts and U.S. Treasuries for safety first before seeking out money market funds. While money market funds are significantly more secure than stock based mutual funds and are generally still considered decently safe places to invest your money, in today’s dangerous and ever shifting credit markets, they simply do not offer the same 100% protection as that offered by savings accounts, CD’s, and U.S. Treasuries.

5) Gold Investments – This is most definitely not a recommendation but rather the raising of another interesting alternative way to hedge against economic risk, inflation, and the weakening dollar. I hesitated to even mention gold and such hedged investments against risk, but everytime the economic and credit markets head south, the subject of buying and investing in gold always comes up. Gold, silver, and other valuable commodities are tangible material investments that always skyrocket in value during difficult economic times. When there is political and social instability due to frozen credit markets or news of terrorist attacks that shake up the financial system, the housing market, or the stock market, the value of commodities not tied to a variable money system but that is instead linked to underlying rarity based on exchange driven supply and demand goes up.

But remember, buyers beware – one thing to keep in mind is that gold is just like any other investment – it’s still a bet against economic times and prices do fluctuate with great volatility. Like with any other educated bet, your gamble may pay off big or backfire significantly. While prices of gold are almost certain to remain high as the economy flirts with a full blown economic recession and the financial markets continue to flounder, prices of gold have the potential to decline significantly should there be signs of an economic recovery. Thus for the conservative investor who is seeking a flight to quality in his or her investments with pure asset preservation in mind during times of economic instability, I would recommend treading with great caution when it comes to investing in gold. Unless you have experience with gold investments, stick with Treasuries, high yield bank accounts, and CD’s instead.

The credit crisis is bumming me out. Because of the current economic recession, an important source of free money and money making opportunities has all but dried up on me and pretty much everyone else in the country. I’m talking about lucrative balance transfer credit cards – namely, the once abundant credit card terms and conditions that offered amazing 0% APR balance transfers for 12 months with no pesky balance transfer fees.

Ever since I first started getting into the world of personal finance blogging and common sense financial planning, balance transfer credit cards have always been one of my favorite consumer financial instruments. Balance transfer credit card arbitrage is actually what got me started with personal finance blogging  to begin with. Over the years, they have served me well, netting me substantial balance transfer arbitrage profit in the way of high yield bank interest income, and cushioning me during difficult financial times by providing me a way to get quick interest free loans as a financially struggling young lawyer. During tough economic times in my life, they helped me bridge temporary budget shortfalls, saving me from having to turn to high interest risky alternatives like payday loans. My early life would actually have been more difficult and harsh had it not been for the safety net benefits and financial assistance provided by 0% balance transfer credit cards. During key moments in my life, these short term interest free credit card loans helped preserve my financial independence and saved me from having to turn to family for monetary handouts.

In The Beginning: The Good Old Days Of Lucrative 0% Deals For Credit Card Balance Transfers With No Balance Transfer Fees

Back in 2000 and shortly after the economic collapse that followed the terrorist attacks of 9-11, the U.S. economy ushered in a Renaissance period of sorts in terms of credit offers. During that period of time, lucrative and juicy pre-approved 0% APR, no interest credit card loan offers were simply everywhere – on college campuses, stuffed in mailboxes, and found everywhere online. Wanting to make sure they didn’t miss out on their share of the very profitable credit card market, the major card issuers promoted all sorts of 0% APR teaser offers to attract new customers. The goal was to tantalize new applicants with introductory offers and ultimately turn them into long term cardholders and spenders. Eventually, this sparked fierce competition among the card issuers as each one introduced its own versions of the classic 0% balance transfer deal. The market competition led to great increases in the length of the promotional 0% period, rising from an initial 6 months to 12 months or longer.

Eventually, some cards even extended the 0% balance transfer periods indefinitely, leading to what ultimately amounted to a 0% balance transfer for life credit card offer. The only thing keeping the balance transfer tidal wave in check was the existence of balance transfer fees, usually set at the customary rate of 3% of the total amount transferred. However, with continued rabid competition, the credit card issuers eventually collectively waived the once pervasive balance transfer fees altogether. The elimination of balance transfer fees resulted in a credit card free for all. With no out of pocket fees or upfront costs to contend with, balance transfer arbitrage seekers eagerly ate up the ever expanding offers.

The tremendous wealth of balance transfer deals led to the rise of skilled balance transfer arbitragers and App-O-Ram’ers – individuals who ravenously sought out 0% balance transfer credit cards to make a quick profit (God bless capitalism at its finest). The credit card arbitragers would rapidly apply for as many 12 month 0% balance transfer cards with no balance transfer fees as possible within a very short period of time (hence the App-O-Rama nickname given to the process). By rapidly applying for a high number of card offers simultaneously, applicants would be able to greatly minimize the sequential credit hits on their FICO credit score, and preserve their ability to take advantage of future 0% balance transfer deals. The most hardcore of balance transfer arbitragers oftentimes would apply for more than 5-10 new credit cards at a time in rapid succession to complete the arbitrage cycle. With the 0% credit card offers in hand, the balance transfer applicants would transfer the credit card balances into high yield bank accounts to earn interest free money (thus enjoying full FDIC insurance coverage while earning stable bank interest income at the same time). Thus for the duration of the balance transfer offer (often at 12 months or longer), the App O Rama had the potential to allow the savvy credit card user to earn quite a bit of money by not doing anything more than taking advantage of free loan money at zero interest – the very definition of arbitrage, which is the process of taking advantage of an inefficient imbalance in market equilibrium.

Today: The Housing Collapse, Subprime Lending, and The Credit Crisis Have Ended The Era Of Easy Balance Transfer Money

One could argue that the period of amazing credit card offers during the early part of this decade was actually a disaster in the making – the unsustainable spark that triggered an out of control credit market that would ultimately consume the entire financial investment banking sector, conclusively wiping out pillars of American investment and banking might such as Bear Stearns, Merrill Lynch, Countrywide Financial, Washington Mutual, and Wachovia Bank. With the way the credit markets are now, it’s unlikely the glory days of awesome credit card offers will return anytime soon.

With the housing market implosion came credit defaults and ultimately the closing of the credit lending spigot. As the economy and housing market has tanked, personal bankruptcies and defaults on credit card payments have risen sharply, causing credit card issuers to panic, and drastically scale back credit card offerings. Major credit card companies have all pretty much stopped waiving the 3% balance transfer fees imposed on all transferred card balances. Many card issuers have even eliminated the maximum cap on the balance transfer fee levied, rending many balance transfer offers essentially useless for profit seeking arbitragers. With a 3% balance transfer fee with no maximum limit, those who transfer large balances face the prospect of having to pay extremely high fees – making these offers substantially less attractive than they once were.

These days, the credit landscape continues to change. So long as we continue to be mired in this catastrophic credit crisis, the existing terms and conditions of current credit card and balance transfer programs are unlikely to greatly improve anytime soon. While the credit crisis has pretty much put a severe damper on balance transfer arbitrage activity, those who seek out 0% credit card offers for financial assistance reasons are still in luck. Because of the extreme profitability of the credit card industry, such offers have not completely disappeared. Major credit card issuers know they must continue to attract new credit card applicants and consumers through the dangling of attractive zero APR carrots. While credit card seekers ought to know that such offers are getting much harder to find, they are still around – you just have to know where to find them. Those who want to maximize their zero balance transfer limits to either make money on balance transfers or use them to pay off high interest credit card debt need to adopt more creative approaches such as using multiple cards or extending periods by applying for new offers as old ones expire to keep the 0% rate going. Of course, this is all highly prerequisite on maintaining a stellar FICO credit score. Anything you can do to raise and boost your FICO score will help you in the long run in terms of qualifying for balance transfer credit card promotions. Be sure to monitor your FICO credit score for free.

Currently, most of the available offers are not as lucrative as they once were, with shorter introductory periods, and the imposition of balance transfer fees, but fortunately many fees are often capped with a maximum limit. For those transferring large 0% credit card balances, paying a fixed maximum amount of $75 or so is likely worth the interest savings. For those searching for balance transfer deals, the following may interest you:

• My complete list of all updated 12 month 0% balance transfer credit card offers available in the market.
• All available 6 month and 12 month 0% balance transfer credit card offers with no balance transfer fees.
• My personal recommended selection of the best balance transfers for money making and emergency fund purposes. These cards are the best in my opinion based on my evaluation of term conditions and capped fees. Many of the cards even offer 0% introductory APR for credit card purchases.